-IBIS-1.5.0-
tx
eyes/ears/nose/throat
laryngitis/hoarseness
diagnoses
definition and etiology
definitions: laryngitis: Inflammation of the larynx; hoarseness: roughness in the voice, often with decreased vocal power.
etiology: Most laryngitis is caused by microorganisms, viral and bacterial (especially streptococcus). It can also occur concurrently with other URIs and pulmonary infections. Other causes include voice overuse, allergic reactions, and inhaling irritating substances (e.g. smoking). Hoarseness is the most common symptom. In persistent hoarseness rule out neoplasm.
signs and symptoms
signs and symptoms:
Hoarseness: usually of short duration. May become chronic if the cause is not addressed (smoker keeps smoking, e.g.).
Pain or rawness: if severe, dysphagia may occur.
Cough: may be associated with a tickling sensation.
Aphonia or just decreased vocal power.
lab findings:
culture if inflammation present
visualize larynx
(+) laryngoscopy for serious pathology: nodules, tumors
course and prognosis
In simple laryngitis from overuse or microorganisms, the prognosis is excellent. Voice rest is very helpful; Conventional physicians will use antibiotics if the cause is bacterial. In more serious cases, the prognosis is still good: 90% of laryngeal cancers diagnosed and treated early (by laryngectomy and irradiation) will be cured.
differential diagnosis
Pharyngitis
Determine underlying cause
r/o neoplasm if persistent
footnotes