-IBIS-1.5.0-
tx
musculoskeletal system
torticollis
diagnoses

definition and etiology

definition: Continuous spasm of the neck muscles, causing abnormal positioning of the head fixed in rotation and lateral flexion. Also called "Wry neck".

etiology: Etiology is often unknown, though psychological somatization (a "pain in the neck"); exposure to wind; awkward sleeping position; adverse drug effect; tumors of the bone or soft tissues; CNS infections; or basal ganglia disease may be at the root of the spasms. The problem seems to occur in women more than men, and is more frequently seen in 20-50 year olds.

signs and symptoms

signs and symptoms:
Onset is typically gradual, but may be sudden.

• Unilateral severe spasming of the trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and other neck muscles, usually accompanied by pain and irritation.
• Possible history of encephalitis.

lab findings:
• (-) X-rays, electromyographic, neurologic and psychological studies.

course and prognosis

The condition ranges from mild to being severe and difficult to treat. It may happen only once, recur from time to time, or be persistent. In severe cases postural deformities may develop.

differential diagnosis

• facet syndrome
• osteoarthritis
• myositis
• cervical gland abscess
• hysterical spasm


footnotes