» conventional diagnoses: gastric or duodenal ulcers; nervous dyspepsia; hepatitis; anemia; chronic dysentery.
» etiology: prolonged exposure to a cold and damp environment; lack of exercise; excess dietary consumption of cold and raw foods; irregular or excessive eating habits; undereating or eating a protein-deficient diet; chronic mental strain, worrying or excessive thinking, particularly during or shortly after a meal; any protracted illness.
signs and symptoms
» signs and symptoms:
chilliness
little or no appetite
tiredness
abdominal pain or distension which is worse after eating but improves with heat or pressure
loose stools
diarrhea with undigested food
anemia
cold limbs
weakness of limbs
sallow or bright-white complexion
edema
difficult urination
leukorrhea
» pulse: empty, weak, slow, deep.
» tongue: pale swollen body; wet with thin white coating.
course and prognosis
» principle of treatment: tonify and warm Spleen Yang
differential diagnosis
footnotes