-IBIS-1.5.0-
tx
cardiovascular system
edema
diagnoses

definition and etiology

definition:
an increase in the extravascular portion of the extracellular fluid

etiology:
Edema may be localized or systemic, depending on the cause. The term ascites refers to fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity; anasarca refers to systemic, gross edema. Causes of edema include injury to the capillary lining (from bacterial, chemical, thermal, or mechanical agents), and hypersensitivity reactions, as well as the conditions listed under "differential diagnosis".

signs and symptoms

Symptoms accord with the underlying cause.

important factors include:
• color, thickness, and sensitivity of skin; redness, local warmth, and tenderness suggest inflammation
• location of the edema

lab findings:
• base testing on the complete history and presentation of the patient
• assess liver function tests, electrolytes

course and prognosis

The course and prognosis varies depending on the cause.

differential diagnosis

causes of edema:
• inflammation
• venous obstruction
• lymphatic obstruction
• nephrotic syndrome
• CHF
• cirrhosis
• idiopathic
• acute glomerulonephritis
• nutritional origin (e.g. protein malnutrition)
• miscellaneous (e.g. hypothyroidism, pregnancy)


footnotes