Chinese English Latin
Hua Flower Flos
Zi Seed Semen
Ren Fruit Fructus
Ye Leaves Folium
Cao (Grass) Whole plant Herba
Stems and Leaves
Teng Vine Caulis
Zhi Twig Ramulus
Branch Ramus
Pi Skin or peel Pericarpium
Bark Cortex
Root bark Cortex radicis
Gen Root Radix
Rhizome Rhizoma
Shen Special roots (like ginseng)
Jia Thorn Spina
Gu Bone Os
Shi Stone or mineral
Sha Sand (granular)
(excrement) Excrementum
footnotes