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toxidrome
Saponin toxidrome
botanicals
definition
saponin toxidrome
the following toxicity information is largely derived from poisonings, overdoses and research on isolated constituents; used with appropriate clinical judgment and cautious prescribing, herbs are safe and efficacious
plants included:
» Caulophyllum thalictroides
» Eleutherococcus senticosus
» Glycyrrhiza glabra
» Impatiens spp.: small amounts
» Lilium tigrinum
» Oplopanax horridum
» Panax spp.
saponin toxidrome: burning and irritation of the oropharynx accompanied by nausea, gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, colic and possible internal bleeding; potential for hemolysis (von Oettingen, p. 527; Altonen)
» Caulophyllum thalictroides:
saponins are responsible for oro-mucosal and gastrointestinal irritation (AMA, p. 52)
internally, may produce gastroenteritis with nausea and vomiting; mydriasis, thirst and headaches may follow, along with muscular weakness, incoordination, cardiovascular collapse and convulsions (Spoerke, p. 42)
Lilium tigrinum
saponins found in the Lily family cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea following excessive systemic uptake; hemolysis may occur
footnotes
Lampe, K.F., and McAnn, M.A. 1985. AMA Handbook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants. Chicago: American Medical Association.
Spoerke, DG, Jr., 1980. Herbal Medications. Santa Barbara, CA: Woodbridge Press Publishing Company.
von Oettingen, W.F. 1958. Poisoning: A Guide to Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders and Company.